Cabbiraadaha lagu beero nafaqada, khamriga iyo meelaha miraha ka baxa ee Switzerland ayaa muujinaya in sunta cayayaanka lagu raro illaa iyo kiilomitir hawada. Tani waxay sidoo kale khuseysaa walxaha dhibka badan.
Waxyaalaha ka-hortagga dhirta (PPPs) ee lagu dabaqo dhaqan kuma koobna goobta la daaweeyay, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa aagagga ku dhow (dabiici ahaanta). Tani waa gabagabada a daraasad ay samaysay Greenpeace . Dhibaatada dhab ahaan waa la ogyahay, laakiin daraasaddan cusub waxay xoojineysaa baaxadda weyn iyo sidoo kale in qawaaniinta lagu dabaqo Switzerland si looga fogaado qulqulatadu aysan ku filneyn, sida Greenpeace ku qortay a isgaarsiinta .
Natiijooyinka ayaa ku habboon waxbarasho ka soo qaatay Jarmalka taasi waxay la timid natiijooyin la mid ah. A cilmi baaris ay sameysay jaamacada Neuchâtel wuxuu sidoo kale culeys ku ahaa Neonicotioden beeraha beeraleyda dabiiciga ah ee Switzerland ee Bartamaha Plateau, taas oo lagu macneeyay qaadista qalabka.
Xitaa walxaha aan xasillooneyn waxaa loo qaadaa meel fog
Waxaa jira tilmaamaha Xafiiska Federaalka ee Beeraha FOAG , kuwaas oo loogu talagalay in lagu yareeyo halista la xiriirta adeegsiga alaabooyinka ka-hortagga dhirta sidoo kalena ay ku jiraan xeerar ka soo horjeedka leexashada. Tusaale ahaan, waa mamnuuc in lagu buufiyo dabeylo xoog leh ama dhererka ugu sarreeya ee 50 cm oo ka sarreeya dalagga ayaa loo qoondeeyay hagida baakada buufinta. Aagagga wax lagu kaydiyo waa in sidoo kale la ilaaliyaa, tusaale B. ilaa biyo, meel lagu noolaado ama qorshooyin ubax leh. Si kastaba ha noqotee, qawaaniintu waxay gaar u yihiin PPP-yada kala duwan, taas oo ku xidhan haddii loo maleeyo in khatar ama hawo geddi ah.
Daraasadda Greenpeace waxay muujisay, si kastaba ha noqotee, in walxaha aan dhib badnayn sidoo kale lagu faafin karo dabaysha. Tusaale ahaan, glyphosate wuxuu u hoggaansami karaa walxaha boodhka ah oo la afuufi karaa, ayuu qoray ururka deegaanka.
Halkan ka aqriso sida aad uga hortagi karto alaabada kahortaga dalaggu inay wareegayaan.
Khatar caafimaad iyo beeraley dabiici ah
PPP-yada la baqay ayaa wasakheeya nidaamka deegaanka, dalagyada beeraha iyo wax soo saarka dabiiciga, sida uu sheegay Greenpeace. Tusaale ahaan, badeecooyinka ka yimaada meelaha sida dabiiciga ah loo beero ayaa Mararka qaarkood mar dambe lagu iibin karin calaamadda sababo la xiriira soo-gaadhis xad dhaaf ah. Tani waxay quseysaa Valais khamri-cabeyaasha oo ku yaal beero canab ah mid ka mid ah saldhigyada cabbiraadda oo ay ku taal waxaana xaqiijiyay xafiiska warbaahinta ee Bio Suisse ee ku dhawaaqista Greenpeace. Bio Suisse ayaa laga soo xigtay inay tiri tani waxay ku yeelan kartaa cawaaqib xumo dhaqaale. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ururku kuma lug lahayn baaritaanka, waa la caddeeyay.
Ka bax «qufulka siyaasadda beeraha»
Greenpeace waxay ka codsaneysaa xirmada talaabooyinka arintaan dowlada federaalka iyo baarlamaanka. Siyaasiyiintu waa inay ugu dambeyntii ka soo kacaan "xiritaanka beerahooda" oo ay noqdaan kuwo firfircoon:
- Horumarinta cagaaran beeraha, sida looga hadlay macnaha guud ee siyaasada beeraha 2022+ - in kasta oo iska caabin ah «agar lobby»
- Mamnuuc helicopters si loo codsado PPPs
- Xakamee isticmaalka drones ilaalinta dalagga si aad u dhow
- Xaqiiji taas beeraha dabiiciga ah waa laga ilaaliyaa socodka PPP
- Hayso madax-bannaan daraasado la sameeyay xiriirka ka dhexeeya cudurada kala duwan (Parkinson, ALS iyo NH lymphomas) iyo PSM
- Joogto ah, wadanka oo dhan digital socodka ee isticmaalka iyo qaybinta hawadda ee iskaashiga ganacsiga
Greenpeace waxay ka codsaneysaa macaamiisha in kuwa iibsada noolaha ay taageeraan isbedelka deg deg ah ee nidaamka cuntada.
Mucaaradka ururka helikobtarada
Bayaanka, Ururka romande pour le traotion des terres agricoles par voie aérienne (ARTTAVA) wuxuu ku qeexayaa gorfaynta Greenpeace mid been abuur ah. Valais, daraasadu waxay go'aamisay joogitaanka 15 walxo firfircoon oo kala duwan oo hawada ah: 3 cayayaanka, 1 acaricide, 3 herbicides, 8 fungicides. Marka hore, waligeed lama arkin wax helikabtarro ah sunta cayayaanka, acaricides ama doogga. Kaliya isticmaalka sunta loo yaqaan "fungicides" ayaa loo ogol yahay. Tan labaad, 8da fangas ee la helay, kaliya 3 kaliya ayaa lagu dabaqay helikobtar ama diyaarad Drone ah meel udhow cabiraada. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in 12 ka mid ah 15ka shey ee ilaalinta dhirta aysan ku habbooneyn dalab xagga hawada ah. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, 3da fangas ayaa sidoo kale laga isticmaali lahaa dhulka. Gunaanad ku saabsan isha hawada ka timaadda sidaas darteed lama oggola.
Helikobtarrada si adag ayaa loo nidaamiyaa
ARTTAVA waxay ka xun tahay in Greenpeace ay daabacday daraasadda iyadoon marka hore lagala tashan khubarada daaweynta qumaatiga u kaca Helikabtarka ayaa ah aaladda daaweynta ugu adag ee nidaamsan oo la xakameeyo ee Switzerland. Tijaabooyin la qaaday sanadkii 2019-kii oo ay sameeyeen Canton of Valais oo wata Agroscope oo ka wakiil ah FOEN ayaa muujiyey in dalabka helikobtar uu sababay gaabis ka yar daaweynta dhulka.
Waxaa lagu cabiray in kabadan lix bilood afar meelood
Baadhitaankooda, Greenpeace waxay ku rakibtay uruuriyeyaal dadban afar meelood beero dabiici ah oo ku yaal Switzerland, kuwaas oo ku soo ururiyay sunta cayayaanka (PPPs) hawada muddo lix bilood ah (Maajo ilaa Nofeembar 2019). 213 walxaha firfircoon iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ayaa lagu falanqeeyay goob kasta.
Goobaha ayaa matalaya aagag kala duwan oo koraya:
- Goobta A (Valais): dhaqashada iyo miro-baxa
- Goobta B (Woqooyi-galbeed Switzerland): Beer-falasho wanaagsan
- Goobta C (Mittelland): beerashada beerashada
- Goobta D (Bariga Switzerland): miro-baxa
Goobta A ayaa ahayd tii ugu wasakheyd badnayd, B ugu yaraan. Wadar ahaan 25 walxo firfircoon iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaad ayaa la ogaaday (tirada laga helayo 20 nanogram ayaa la ogaan karaa), kuwa ugu badan:
- The dawooyinka loo adeegsado fungus folpet, captan, chlorothalonil (waa la mamnuucay maanta) iyo cyprodinil
- The doogga xoolaha terbuthylazine, metolochlor iyo pendimethalin
- The cayayaanka chlorpyrifos (waa la mamnuucay maanta)
Daraasadda buuxda ee Greenpeace waxaa laga heli karaa halkan.