Iyadoo xilliga beerista gu'ga uu soo gaarayo, beeralayda degmada Jimsar, Xinjiang, waxay ku mashquulsan yihiin beerista baradhada oo dhan 6,000 acres oo dhul ah. Mashiinno horumarsan, noocyo waxsoosaar sare leh, iyo farsamooyinka beer-nololeedka, gobolku wuxuu dejinayaa halbeegyo cusub oo wax-soo-saarka baradhada. Maqaalkani waxa uu sahaminayaa hal-abuuradii ugu dambeeyay ee wax ku oolnimada wadista, waaritaanka, iyo faa'iidada mid ka mid ah xarumaha muhiimka ah ee kobcinta baradhada ee Shiinaha.
Mechanization: Laf-dhabarta Beerashada Baradhada Casriga ah
Degmada Jimsar, beerista makaanikada ah ayaa wax ka beddeshay hababka beerashada ee soo jireenka ah. 30-kii Abriil, beeralayda Wang Zhiming waxa uu bilaabay in uu ku beero baradhada 300 acres isaga oo isticmaalaya cagaf-cagaf-farshaxan oo casri ah. Mashiinku wuxuu isku mar fuliyaa afar hawlood - qodis, bacrin, abuur, iyo rakibida waraabka - si weyn u dhimaya kharashka shaqada iyo hagaajinta waxtarka.
Marka loo eego warbixintii FAO ee 2023, beerashada baradhada makaanaysan ayaa awood u leh in la dhimo kharashaadka shaqada 50% lana kordhiyo saxnaanta wax beerista 30%, taasoo keenta biqil isku mid ah iyo wax-soosaar sare. Qaadashada Jimsar ee tignoolajiyada noocan oo kale ah waxay la socotaa isbeddellada caalamiga ah halkaasoo beerashada saxda ah ay muhiim u tahay beerashada tartanka ah.
Noocyada Wax-soosaarka Sare iyo Beerista Sayniska
Wang Zhiming waxa uu beerayaa noocyo baradho ah oo tayo sare leh sida "Wotu No. 7" iyo "Xisen No. 6", kuwaas oo si fiican ula qabsanaya cimilada deegaanka iyo baahida suuqa. Intaa waxaa dheer, wuxuu la shaqeeyaa Xinjiang Academy of Sciences Beeraha si loo tijaabiyo 20 nooc oo baradho gaar ah oo ay hirgeliyaan farsamooyinka wax-beerashada ee horumarsan, oo ay ku jiraan:
- Baradhada abuur aan cudur lahayn (yaraynta caabuqyada fayraska ee dhimi kara wax soo saarka ilaa 50%)
- Daahan abuurka Bio-fungicides (kor u qaadida difaaca dhirta)
- Kiciyeyaasha difaaca jirka (hagaajinta iska caabinta walaaca)
- Bacriminta saxda ah iyada oo loo marayo waraabka dhibicda (Wanaajinta qaadashada nafaqeynta)
Daraasad 2024 ah oo ay samaysay Xarunta Baradhada Caalamiga ah (CIP) heley taas isku darka abuurka u adkaysta cudurada iyo waraabka faleebada waxay kor u qaadi kartaa wax soo saarka 20-40%. Beeralayda Jimsar waxay ka faa'iidaysanayaan hababkan si ay u beegsadaan 5-ton-per-mu-soo-saarka (≈37.5 tan halkii hektar), oo aad uga sarreeya celceliska qaranka Shiinaha 22 tan halkii hektar.
Dhulka ugu Wanaagsan ee Baradhada Istaarjka Sarreeya
Degmada Jimsar, oo loo yaqaan "Guriga Baradhada Istaarjka Sare" faa'iidooyinka ciidda bacrin ah, Joog 1,500-mitir, iyo iftiinka qorraxda ugu fiican. Xaaladahan waxay soo saaraan baradho leh Macnaha istaarijka oo sarreeya, dhadhan macaan, iyo jilicsanaan- tayada aadka loogu qiimeeyo warshadaha wax soo saarka.
Si loo kordhiyo waxtarka dhulka, dawladda hoose waxay horumarinaysaa:
- Dhismaha dhul-beereed oo heerkiisu sareeyo (kor u qaadista caafimaadka ciidda)
- Waraabka dhibicda biyaha badbaadinaya (yaraynta isticmaalka biyaha 30-50%)
- Bacriminta ku salaysan carrada (ka hortagga isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah ee kiimikooyinka)
- model "Cooperative + Beeralay". (hubinta dhaqaalaha miisaanka)
Marka la gaaro 2025, Shiinuhu wuxuu higsanayaa mechanize 75% beerashada baradhada, oo Jimsar ayaa hogaaminaya.
Qaabka Wax-soo-saarka Baradhada Waarta
Degmada Jimsar waxay muujinaysaa sida tignoolajiyada, cilmi baarista, iyo taageerada siyaasadda wax ka bedeli kara beerashada baradhada. Makaanaynta, miraha waxsoosaarka sare leh, iyo beeralayda saxda ah, beeralayda ayaa gaadhaya wax soo saar sare, kharash yar, iyo sii jiritaan wanaagsan. Iyada oo baahida caalamiga ah ee baradhada ay kor u kacdo-waxaa la qorsheeyay inay koraan 1.9% sanadkii ilaa 2030-Gobollada sida Jimsar ayaa si fiican u taagan inay koraan.
Qodobada Muhiimka ah:
✔ Mechanization waxay dhimaysaa kharashyada waxayna kordhisaa waxtarka
✔ Abuurka cudurrada u adkaysta + waraabka faleebo = 20-40% wax-soo-saar sare
✔ Xaaladaha dabiiciga ah ee Jimsar waxay door bidaan baradho istaarij ah oo tayo sare leh
✔ Dawladda iyo iskaashiga cilmi-baadhistu waxay horseedaan hal-abuurnimo
