Laba lataliye iyo cilmi-baare ayaa dhawaan ka wada hadlay arrimaha ugu muhiimsan ee ku saabsan digada cagaaran ee kulan online inta lagu guda jiro todobaadka Bioknowledge. Goorma ayay tahay wakhtiga ugu fiican ee lagu beero dalagyada digada cagaaran iyo noocyada kala duwan ee ugu fiican? Xaaladdee ayay tahay in beeralayda ay ula macaamilaan xeeladahooda digada cagaaran si ka duwan? La-taliyayaasha iyo cilmi-baaruhu waxay soo jeedinayaan lix talo.
1. Ku beer digada cagaaran wakhtiga si aad u hesho natiijooyin wanaagsan
Beeritaanka digada cagaaran, xilliga beeritaanka ayaa go'aaminaya dhalidda. 'Dalaggii digada cagaarka ah waa in la siiyaa wakhti uu ku hormaro', ayuu yidhi khabiirka beeraha ee Agrifirm Erik Nagelhoud. Inta badan noocyada, waxay qaadataa ugu yaraan afar ilaa lix toddobaad in lakabka sare uu xidid yeesho. Inta uu sii kululaado, si dhaqso ah ayay wax u koraan. Maalinta korriinka ee Juulaay waa toddobaad bisha Ogosto, bisha Sebtembar iyo xitaa ka badan Oktoobar', ayuu yiri Nagelhoud.
Sida laga soo xigtay khabiirka ku takhasusay beerashada, aad bay uga daahday dabocase calafka ilaa Nofembar. 'Mastarad huruud ah iyo miro guduud ah ayaa weli fiican markaa.' Nagelhoud wuxuu ku nuuxnuuxsaday in haddii beeralayda ay xaaqaan jiilaalka ka hor, beeritaanka dhamaadka Noofembar wax faa'iido ah ma laha. 'Markaa way fiicantahay in la beero dalagga jiilaalka sida galley horaanta gu'ga.'
Dhacdo ahaan, la taliyaha madaxa banaan Christoffel den Herder ee Ceres Horti Talada ayaa ka digaysa in beeralayda beeralayda ah ay sidoo kale wax beeran karaan goor hore. 'Ubaxku markaas wuxuu noqonayaa khatar. Haddii ay engegan tahay, digada cagaaran ma bixi doonto, laakiin haramaha ayaa soo bixi doona. Taasi waxay u horseedi kartaa haramaha badan ee dalagga', ayuu yiri Den Herder.
Markaad beerato dalagga abuur ka dib codsiga digada cagaarka leh ee beerashada aan rogin, waxaad dooneysaa nooc ka duwan kan beerashada caadiga ah.CHRISTOFFEL DEN HERDER, CERES HORTI TALO
2. Hubi noocyada aad ku dhimi karto nematodes
'Waxaad kula dagaalami kartaa nematodes lesion xididka ilaa 99 boqolkiiba marigolds,' ayuu yidhi cilmi-baadhaha Agrifirm Thea van Beers. 'Waxay qaadataa saddex bilood in xididdo wanaagsan la helo. Dabocase calafka u adkaysta iyo iniin khardal huruud ah ayaa waxtar u leh isku dhufashada nematode cyst ee dabocase.' Van Beers wuxuu xooga saarayaa muhiimada ay leedahay doorashada bacriminta digada cagaaran ee aan faafin nematode ay khusayso.
Gaar ahaan maskaxda ku hay dalagga xiga. Gaar ahaan marka uu jiilaalku dhaafo, kaas oo si weyn u fududayn kara faafinta.' Cilmi-baaraha ayaa sidoo kale tilmaamaya khatarta digirta. "Ma iska indho tiri kartid sahayda nitrogen-ka, laakiin carrada ciidda leh ee kala duwan ee nematodes-ka nool ee xorta ah iyo dalagyada u nugul waxyeellada, inta badan digirta ayaa ah warshad martigelinaysa. Markaa waa caqli-gal inaadan dooran ubaxyo leguminous ah, ayay tidhi.
3. Si miyir leh u dooro xeelad gaar ah
Xaaladaha qaarkood way fiicantahay in la doorto istiraatiijiyad digada cagaaran ee bartilmaameedsan. Tusaale ahaan, Den Herder wuxuu ku baaqayaa isticmaalka beerista beerashada aan leexleexeynin (NKG) si loogu jiheeyo noocyada midhaha raacda.
'Marka aad ka beerato dalagga iniinaha NKG ka dib digada cagaaran, waxaad doonaysaa nooc ka duwan ta beerashada caadiga ah. Xaalad NKG ah, nooc ka dhigaya cufnaanta dhulka ka yar ayaa ku habboon. Markaa waxaad awood u yeelan doontaa inaad si ka sii fiican uga shaqeyso, ayuu yidhi lataliyaha madaxa banaan.
Qodob kale oo uu Den Herder sameeyay ayaa ah dhibaatada sii kordheysa ee cunista. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga, beeralayda waxay tixgelin karaan inay koraan digada cagaaran ee goor dambe ka dib dalagga ugu weyn. "Ku dar muddo gaaban si aad u qalajiso ciidda oo aad wax uga qabato cayayaanka waxyeellada leh."
4. Markaad wax beeranayso xagaaga dambe, ka fikir wakhtiga beerashada
Sida laga soo xigtay Nagelhoud, waxaa muhiim ah beeralayda beeralayda inay si taxadar leh uga fikiraan xilliga ay rabaan inay beeraan digada cagaaran marka ay beerayaan ka dib 15 Sebtembar. 'Haddii aad rabto in aad isku darto xilliga jiilaalka, waxaad u baahan tahay noocyo kala duwan oo si degdeg ah u koraya heerkulka hooseeya. Kadib waxaad ku dhamaynaysaa isku dar ah oo ay ku jiraan miro iyo iniin khardal ah, ayuu yidhi khabiirka ku takhasusay beerista.
Marka beeralayda ka tago dalagga xilliga jiilaalka, waa inay eegaan qaybaha jiilaalka sida galley jiilaalka ama galley gaar ah. Noocyadaasi waxay sii wadan karaan inay koraan jiilaalka oo ay xidid ku yeeshaan ciidda, ayuu yidhi Nagelhoud.
5. Markaad beerayso jiilaalka, maskaxda ku hay dalagyada farcanka ah
Den Herder wuxuu aaminsan yahay in digada cagaaran si fiican loo korin karo jiilaalka. “Si gaar ah ayay muhiim u tahay waxa aad rabto xiga. Haddii aad rabto in dalaggu uu cagaar noqdo xilliga jiilaalka, waa inaad ku xisaabtanto in dhulku uu qoyan yahay xilliga gu'ga, ayuu yidhi. Daboolka dhulka ma ogola in ciidda ay si fiican u engegto. Faa'iidada waa digada cagaaran ee nool ee jiilaalka.'
Lataliyaha ayaa sheegay in digada cagaaran ee barafaysan ay sidoo kale noqon karto mid qiimo leh. Dabadeed dalaggu si tartiib ah ayuu u barafoobay oo wuxuu siinayaa dabool ciidda. Waxaa intaa dheer, dhulku marar badan hore ayuu u engegay. Waxaan ku talinayaa digada cagaaran oo barafaysan oo lagu beero ciidda la xaaqay guga iyo xaaladaha NKG oo ay weheliso dalagyadii hore', ayuu yidhi Den Herder.
Van Beers waxa uu u arkaa ka tagista digada cagaaran ee jiilaalka sida isbeddel. "Waagii hore, tani waxay ahayd mid aad u yar sababo culus. Carrada culus waxay u baahan tahay cimilo qabow sababtoo ah dhaxan jiilaalka,' ayuu yidhi cilmi-baadhaha Agrifirm. "Waxaad inta badan ku arkeysaa saameyn togan oo ku saabsan carrada fudud. Dalagga ayaa ka hortagaya jilbaha wuxuuna nuugaa qoyaanka.
6. Ku shaqee digada cagaaran si dusha sare ah
"Waaya aragnimadeyda ayaa ah in codsiga digada cagaaran uu si toos ah u bixiyo natiijada ugu fiican", ayuu yiri Den Herder. 'Dalaggu wuxuu markaa la yimaadaa xiriir wanaagsan oo leh fungi iyo bakteeriyada lakabka sare.' Waxa uu jecel yahay in uu sacab tumaayo. Lataliyuhu waxa uu ku talinayaa in aad ka fogaato dhulka toddobaad ka dib sawaxanka. 'Markaa qoyaanku wuu uumi baxaa,' ayuu yidhi.
'Kahor-soo-saarka iftiinka ayaa faa'iido u leh dheefshiidka. Marka la eego dheefshiidka, waxaan u arkaa qallafsanaan rullaluistemadka mindida ka waxtar yar kan jeexa jeexa ', ayuu yiri Den Herder. Van Beers waxa uu ku nuuxnuuxsaday in beeralayda beeralayda ahi ay tahay in aanay si qoto dheer u qarin tirada badan guga. 'Markaa waxaad soo saartaa digada cagaarka ah oo ha shiidin,' ayuu yidhi cilmi-baadhaha Agrifirm.