Baradhada baradho goor dambeInfakshanka Phytophthora) waxay caan ku tahay inay sababto Macaluul Baradhada Irish sannadihii 1840-kii, haddana waxay sii waddaa inay burburiso dalagyadii maanta. Kenya, halkaas oo baradhada ay tahay cunnada labaad ee ugu muhiimsan gallayda ka dib, beeralayda yar yar ayaa khasaara ilaa 60-100% waxsoosaarkooda inta lagu jiro dillaaca daran (FAO, 2023). Iyadoo isbeddelka cimiladu uu sii kordhayo cadaadiska cudurrada, helitaanka xalal waara ayaa ka degdeg badan sidii hore.
Qiimaha Sare ee Ku-tiirsanaanta Fungicides
Iyadoo fungicides-ka ay xakameyn karaan cudurka goor dambe, isticmaalkooda xad dhaafka ah ayaa keenaya khataro halis ah. A 2022 daraasad ay samaysay Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) ku xidhan soo-gaadhista fungicides-da dheer ee cudurrada neef-mareenka iyo xaaladaha maqaarka ee beeralayda. Intaa waxaa dheer, qulqulka kiimikaadku waxa ay wasakheeyaan ciidda iyo biyaha, waxyeello u geysata kala duwanaanshaha noolaha - gaar ahaan pollinators oo lagama maarmaan u ah dalagyada kale.
Thiago Mendes, oo baradhada ku dhaqa Xarunta Baradhada Caalamiga ah (CIP), ayaa sharraxaysa: "Beeralayda waxay qarash gareeyaan ilaa 30% kharashka wax soo saarkooda on fungicides, weli caabbinta ayaa sii kordhaya. Waxaan u baahanahay waddo ka wanaagsan.”
Qaraabada duurjoogta ah ayaa haya furaha iska caabinta
Saynisyahanada CIP ayaa u jeestay qaraabo baradho duurjoogta ah, oo caan ku ah iska caabbinta cudurrada dabiiciga ah. Hoosta Mashruuca Qaraabada Duurjoogta ah, oo ay maalgelisay Norway, iskuna dubariday Trust Dalaga, Cilmi-baarayaasha Peru waxay si guul leh uga gudbeen baradhada la beeray ee noocyada duurjoogta ah, iyagoo soo saaray noocyo adkaysi u leh sida CIP-Matilde.
Hadda, Mashruuca BOLD ( Kala duwanaanshaha Noolaha ee Fursadaha, Hab-nololeedka, iyo Horumarinta) ayaa guulahaas la jaanqaadaysa Bariga Afrika. Buuraha sare ee Nakuru ee Kenya, kooxda Thiago waxay beerteen boqollaal nooc oo tijaabo ah, taasoo u oggolaanaysa in cudurka soo daahay uu si dabiici ah u faafo-oo aan lahayn fungicides.
Xulashada Beeralayda uu hogaamiyo: Xaqiijinta korsashada
Saynis yahanadu maaha kuwa kaliya ee go'aaminaya baradhada la gooyo. Beeralayda deegaanka ayaa ka qayb qaatay doorashada kala duwan ee ka qaybqaadashada (PVS), u codaynta sifooyinka la door bidayo iyadoo la isticmaalayo digirta (dumarka) iyo iniinaha galleyda (ragga). Natiijooyinka muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ahaa:
- Cabbirrada tuber isku dhafan (ku weyn suuqa, yar dib u beerashada).
- Laamo adag iyo caleenta cudur u adkaysta.
- Tayada karinta oo wanaagsan (waa qasab in la aqbalo macaamiisha).
Habka Gobolka ee Saamaynta Balaadhan
CIP waxay kobcinaysaa a shabakadda taranka gobolka Bariga Afrika oo dhan, hubinta aqoonta iyo noocyada adkeysigu ay gaaraan beeraley badan. "Wadashaqeyntu waa muhiim," ayuu yiri Thiago. "Isbeddelka cimiladu kuma eka soohdimaha, sidaas oo kale xalkeena ma aha."
Mustaqbal waara oo beerashada baradhada
Raadinta 'waa!' baradhada- adkaysi u leh, wax-soosaar sare leh, iyo beeralayda la ansixiyay-waxay wax ka beddeli kartaa warshadaha baradhada ee Bariga Afrika. Iyada oo la dhimayo ku tiirsanaanta fungicides, noocyadan cusub ayaa ballanqaadaya:
✔ Kharashka wax soo saarka hoose
✔ Nidaamyada deegaanka oo caafimaad qaba
✔ Hubinta cuntada oo soo hagaagtay
Tijaabooyinka sii socda iyo jawaab celinta beeralayda, Kenya waxa laga yaabaa inay dhawaan hesho baradho aan kaliya ka badbaadin cudur goor dambe ah balse kobcaya—ka farxiya beeralayda iyo macaamiisha si isku mid ah.
